Читать онлайн Рифмы матушки Гусыни (с параллельным текстом на английском языке) бесплатно
Матушка Гусыня и ее веселые стишки
У английской детской поэзии очень долгая и богатая история. В разные эпохи появлялись стихотворения, как сочиненные взрослыми для детей, так и придуманные самими детьми для того, чтобы игры, в которые они играли, были веселее и увлекательнее.
К тому моменту, когда в печати вышло первое большое собрание детских английских стихов (XVIII век), таких произведений бытовало огромное множество. Супруги Оупи отобрали из этого гигантского количества наиболее интересные произведения и составили книгу, которую назвали «Рифмы матушки Гусыни» – по имени одного из популярных персонажей детских стихов. Разнообразие произведений, составивших этот сборник, поистине удивительно. Здесь есть и стихи, и песенки, и считалки, и дразнилки, и сказки, и колыбельные, и многое другое.
С тех пор сборник дополнялся, расширялся, корректировался и разошелся по всему миру в огромном количестве изданий. Пожалуй, нет ни одного ребенка в англоязычных странах, который бы не знал этой книги. Ее персонажи стали не только неотъемлемой частью культуры, но и вошли как действующие лица в произведения многих авторов. Самый яркий пример – знаменитые книги об Алисе Льюиса Кэролла, которые буквально «напичканы» цитатами из «Рифм матушки Гусыни». Это и Шалтай-Болтай, и неразлучные Твидлдум и Твидлди, и Дама Крестей, и многие другие.
Встречаются персонажи из «Рифм матушки Гусыни» и в хорошо известных нашему читателю книгах Памелы Трэверс о чудесной няне Мэри Поппинс, и в «Винни-Пухе» Александра Милна. Под ее влиянием оформилось творчество одного из величайших английских поэтов, родоначальника «поэзии абсурда» (или «нонсенса») Эдварда Лира, чьим, к слову сказать, последователем и почитателем был Льюис Кэрролл.
Переводить «Рифмы» на русский язык начали еще в XIX веке, но настоящее знакомство русского читателя с этими произведениями состоялось после появления переводов Корнея Чуковского и Самуила Маршака. Хотя они переводили лишь отдельные стихи из этой книги, переводы эти тут же завоевали большую популярность. О Шалтае-Болтае (Humpty-Dumpty) даже англичане писали, что Маршак своим переводом «сделал его русским». То же можно сказать о стихотворениях «Из чего только сделаны мальчики…», «Пудель» (пер. Маршака), «Жил на свете старичок скрюченные ножки…», «Барабек» (пер. Чуковского) и многих других.
Переводить стихотворения из сборника «Рифмы матушки Гусыни» довольно сложно: ведь при всей их внешней простоте нужно добиться такой же простоты по-русски. Да и чтобы смешно было, тоже не мешает. Все эти переводы делались мной на протяжении более чем 15 лет. Как это получилось – судить читателю. Кроме того, книга будет интересна не только тем, кто интересуется английской поэзией, но и тем, кто изучает английский язык.
И. Родин
1.
Old King Cole
- Old King Cole
- Was a merry old soul,
- And a merry old soul was he.
- He called for his pipe,
- And he called for his bowl,
- And he called for his fiddlers three.
- Every fiddler, he had a fiddle,
- And a very fine fiddle had he.
- Twee, tweedle, dee,
- Tweedle, dee, dee,
- Went the fiddlers.
- Oh there’s none so rare
- As can compare,
- With King Cole and his fiddlers three.
2.
Hector Protector
- Hector Protector was dressed all in green;
- Hector Protector was sent to the Queen.
- The Queen did not like him,
- No more did the King;
- So Hector Protector was sent back again.
3.
Sing a Song of Sixpence
- Sing a song of sixpence,
- A pocket full of rye;
- Four-and-twenty blackbirds
- Baked in a pie.
- When the pie was opened
- The birds began to sing.
- Was not that a dainty dish
- To set before the king?
- The king was in his counting-house,
- Counting out his money;
- The queen was in the parlour,
- Eating bread and honey.
- The maid was in the garden,
- Hanging out the clothes;
- ‘Long came a blackbird
- And snapt off her nose.
4.
«A carrion crow sat on an oak…»
- A carrion crow sat on an oak,
- Sing heigh ho, the carrion crow,
- Fol de riddle, lol de riddle, hi ding ho,
- Watching a tailor shape his coat.
- Sing heigh ho, the carrion crow,
- Fol de riddle, lol de riddle, hi ding ho.
- Wife, bring me my old bent bow,
- Sing heigh ho, the carrion crow,
- Fol de riddle, lol de riddle, hi ding ho,
- That I may shoot yon carrion crow.
- Sing heigh ho, the carrion crow,
- Fol de riddle, lol de riddle, hi ding ho.
- The tailor he shot and missed his mark,
- Sing heigh ho, the carrion crow,
- Fol de riddle, lol de riddle, hi ding ho,
- And shot his own sow right through the heart.
- Sing heigh ho, the carrion crow,
- Fol de riddle, lol de riddle, hi ding ho.
5.
London Bridge
- London Bridge is broken down,
- Broken down, broken down,
- London Bridge is broken down,
- My fair lady.
- Build it up with wood and clay,
- Wood and clay, wood and clay,
- Build it up with wood and clay,
- My fair lady.
- Wood and clay will wash away,
- Wash away, wash away,
- Wood and clay will wash away,
- My fair lady.
- Build it up with bricks and mortar,
- Bricks and mortar, bricks and mortar,
- Build it up with bricks and mortar,
- My fair lady.
- Bricks and mortar will not stay,
- Will not stay, will not stay,
- Bricks and mortar will not stay,
- My fair lady.
- Build it up with iron and steel,
- Iron and steel, iron and steel,
- Build it up with iron and steel,
- My fair lady.
- Iron and steel will bend and bow,
- Bend and bow, bend and bow,
- Iron and steel will bend and bow,
- My fair lady.
- Build it up with silver and gold,
- Silver and gold, silver and gold,
- Build it up with silver and gold,
- My fair lady.
- Silver and gold will be stolen away,
- Stolen away, stolen away,
- Silver and gold will be stolen away,
- My fair lady.
- Set a man to watch all night,
- Watch all night, watch all night,
- Set a man to watch all night,
- My fair lady.
- Suppose the man should fall asleep,
- Fall asleep, fall asleep,
- Suppose the man should fall asleep,
- My fair lady.
- Give him a pipe to smoke all night,
- Smoke all night, smoke all night,
- Give him a pipe to smoke all night,
- My fair lady.
6.
A Farmer Went Trotting Upon His Gray Mare
- A farmer went trotting upon his gray mare,
- Bumpety, bumpety, bump,
- With his daughter behind him, so rosy and fair,
- Lumpety, lumpety, lump.
- A raven cried “Croak,” and they all tumbled down,
- Bumpety, bumpety, bump;
- The mare broke her knees and the farmer his crown,
- Lumpety, lumpety, lump.
- The mischievous raven flew laughing away,
- Bumpety, bumpety, bump,
- And vowed he would serve them the same next day,
- Lumpety, lumpety, lump.
7.
A Frog He Would A-wooing Go
- A frog he would a-wooing go,
- Heigh ho! says Rowley,
- A frog he would a-wooing go,
- Whether his mother would let him or no.
- With a rowley, powley, gammon, and spinach,
- Heigh ho! says Anthony Rowley.
- So off he set with his opera hat,
- Heigh ho! says Rowley,
- So off he set with his opera hat,
- And on the road he met with a rat,
- With a rowley, powley, gammon, and spinach,
- Heigh ho! says Anthony Rowley.
- Pray, Mr. Rat will you go with me?
- Heigh ho! says Rowley,
- Pray, Mr. Rat will you go with me,
- Kind Mrs. Mousey for to see…
- With a rowley, powley, gammon, and spinach,
- Heigh ho! says Anthony Rowley.
- They came to the door of Mousey’s hall,
- Heigh ho! says Rowley,
- They gave a loud knock, and they gave a loud call.
- With a rowley, powley, gammon, and spinach,
- Heigh ho! says Anthony Rowley.
- Pray, Mrs. Mouse are you within?
- Heigh ho! says Rowley,
- Oh yes, kind sirs, I’m sitting to spin.
- With a rowley, powley, gammon, and spinach,
- Heigh ho! says Anthony Rowley.
- Pray, Mrs. Mouse will you give us some beer?
- Heigh ho! says Rowley,
- For Froggy and I are fond of good cheer.
- With a rowley, powley, gammon, and spinach,
- Heigh ho! says Anthony Rowley.
- Pray, Mr. Frog will you give us a song?
- Heigh ho! says Rowley,
- Let it be something that’s not very long.
- With a rowley, powley, gammon, and spinach,
- Heigh ho! says Anthony Rowley.
- Indeed, Mrs. Mouse, replied Mr. Frog,
- Heigh ho! says Rowley,
- A cold has made me as hoarse as a dog.
- With a rowley, powley, gammon, and spinach,
- Heigh ho! says Anthony Rowley.
- Since you have a cold, Mr. Frog, Mousey said,
- Heigh ho! says Rowley,
- I’ll sing you a song that I’ve just made.
- With a rowley, powley, gammon, and spinach,
- Heigh ho! says Anthony Rowley.
- But while they were all a-merry-making
- Heigh ho! says Rowley,
- A cat and her kittens came tumbling in.
- With a rowley, powley, gammon, and spinach,
- Heigh ho! says Anthony Rowley.
- The cat she seized the rat by the crown,
- Heigh ho! says Rowley,
- The kittens they pulled the little mouse down.
- With a rowley, powley, gammon, and spinach,
- Heigh ho! says Anthony Rowley.
- This put Mr. Frog in a terrible fright,
- Heigh ho! says Rowley.
- He took up his hat and he wished them goodnight.
- With a rowley, powley, gammon, and spinach,
- Heigh ho! says Anthony Rowley.
- But as Froggy was crossing over a brook,
- Heigh ho! says Rowley.
- A lily white duck came and gobbled him up.
- With a rowley, powley, gammon, and spinach,
- Heigh ho! says Anthony Rowley.
- So there was the end of one, two, three,
- Heigh ho! says Rowley.
- The rat, the mouse, and the little froggy.
- With a rowley, powley, gammon, and spinach,
- Heigh ho! says Anthony Rowley.
8.
A Riddle, A Riddle, As I Suppose
- A riddle, a riddle, as I suppose,
- A hundred eyes and never a nose!
9.
Arthur O’Bower Has Broken His Band
- Arthur O’Bower has broken his band,
- He comes roaring up the land.
- A King of Scots, with all his power,
- Cannot turn Arthur of the Bower.
10.
As I Was Going to Derby
- As I was going to Derby
- Upon a market-day,
- I met the finest ram, sir,
- That ever was fed on hay.
- This ram was fat behind, sir;
- This ram was fat before;
- This ram was ten yards high, sir;
- Indeed, he was no more.
- The wool upon his back, sir,
- Reached up unto the sky,
- The eagles build their nests there,
- For I heard the young ones cry.
- The space between the horns, sir,
- Was as far as man could reach,
- And there they built a pulpit,
- But no-one in it preached.
- This ram had four legs to walk upon,
- This ram had four legs to stand,
- And every leg he had, sir,
- Stood on an acre of land.
- Now the man that fed the ram, sir,
- He fed him twice a day,
- And each time that he fed him, sir,
- He ate a rick of hay.
- The wool upon this ram’s tail
- Was very fine and thin.
- It took all the girls in Derby town
- Seven years to spin.
- And if you don’t believe me
- And think it is a lie,
- Then you go down to Derby town
- And see as well as I.
11.
As I Was Going to St. Ives
- As I was going to St. Ives
- I met a man with seven wives.
- Every wife had seven sacks,
- Every sack had seven cats,
- Every cat had seven kits.
- Kits, cats, sacks, and wives,
- How many were going to St. Ives?
12.
«As I was going up Pippen Hill…»
- As I was going up Pippen Hill,
- Pippen Hill was dirty.
- There I met a pretty miss
- And she dropt me a curtsey.
- Little miss, pretty miss,
- Blessings light upon you!
- If I had half a crown a day,
- I’d spend it gladly on you.
13.
«As round as an apple…»
- As round as an apple,
- As deep as a cup,
- And all the king’s horses
- Can’t fill it up.
14.
«If you are to be a gentleman…»
- If you are to be a gentleman,
- As I suppose you’ll be,
- You’ll neither laugh nor smile,
- For a tickling of the knee.
15.
«Barney Bodkin broke his nose…»
- Barney Bodkin broke his nose,
- Without feet we can’t have toes;
- Crazy folks are always mad,
- Want of money makes us sad.
16.
A Was an Archer
- A was an archer, who shot at a frog,
- B was a butcher, and had a great dog.
- C was a captain, all covered with lace,
- D was a drunkard, and had a red face.
- E was an esquire, with pride on his brow,
- F was a farmer, and followed the plow.
- G was a gamester, who had but ill-luck,
- H was a hunter, and hunted a buck.
- I was an innkeeper, who loved to carouse,
- J was a joiner, and built up a house.
- K was King William, once governed this land,
- L was a lady, who had a white hand.
- M was a miser, and hoarded up gold,
- N was a nobleman, gallant and bold.
- O was an oyster girl, and went about town,
- P was a parson, and wore a black gown.
- Q was a queen, who wore a silk slip,
- R was a robber, and wanted a whip.
- S was a sailor, and spent all he got,
- T was a tinker, and mended a pot.
- U was an usurer, a miserable elf,
- V was a vintner, who drank all himself.
- W was a watchman, and guarded the door,
- X was expensive, and so became poor.
- Y was a youth, that did not love school,
- Z was a zany, a poor harmless fool.
17.
Bessy Bell and Mary Gray
- Bessy Bell and Mary Gray,
- They were two bonny lasses;
- They built their house upon the lea,
- And covered it with rashes.
- Bessy kept the garden gate,
- And Mary kept the pantry;
- Bessy always had to wait,
- While Mary lived in plenty.
18.
Billy Pringle Had a Little Pig
- Billy Pringle had a little pig,
- When it was young it was not very big,
- When it was old it lived in clover,
- Now it’s dead and that’s all over.
- Billy Pringle he lay down and died,
- Betty Pringle she lay down and cried,
- So there was an end of one, two, and three,
- Billy Pringle he, Betty Pringle she,
- and the piggy wiggy wee.
19.
«Bonny lass, pretty lass…»
- Bonny lass, pretty lass,
- Wilt thou be mine?
- Thou shall not wash dishes,
- Nor yet serve the swine;
- Thou shalt sit on a cushion,
- And sew a fine seam,
- And thou shalt eat strawberries,
- Sugar, and cream!
20.
«Bye, baby bunting…»
- Bye, baby bunting,
- Daddy’s gone a-hunting,
- To get a little rabbit skin
- To wrap the baby bunting in.
21.
«Cackle, cackle, Mother Goose…»
- Cackle, cackle, Mother Goose,
- Have you any feathers loose?
- Truly have I, pretty fellow,
- Half enough to fill a pillow.
- Here are quills, take one or two,
- And down to make a bed for you.
22.
Charley, Charley, Stole the Barley
- Charley, Charley, stole the barley
- Out of the baker’s shop,
- The baker came out and gave him a clout,
- Which made poor Charley hop.
23.
To Bed, To Bed, Says Sleepy-Head
- “To bed, to bed,” cried Sleepy-Head;
- “Let’s stay awhile,” said Slow;
- Said Greedy Nan, “Put on the pan,
- Let’s dine before we go.”
- “To bed, to bed,” cried Sleepy-Head.
- But all the rest said, “No!
- It is morning now; you must milk the cow,
- And to-morrow to bed we go.”
24.
«Come when you’re called…»
- Come when you’re called,
- Do what you’re bid,
- Shut the door after you,
- Never be chid.
25.
«Hickory, Dickory, Dock…»
- Hickory, Dickory, Dock,
- The mouse ran up the clock.
- The clock struck one,
- The mouse ran down,
- Hickory, Dickory, Dock.
26.
«Dickory, dickory, dare…»
- Dickory, dickory, dare,
- The pig flew up in the air;
- The man in brown
- Soon brought him down,
- Dickory, dickory, dare.
27.
Ding Dong Bell
- Ding Dong Bell,
- Pussy’s in the well.
- Who put her in?
- Little Tommy Lin.
- Who pulled her out?
- Little Tommy Trout.
- What a naughty boy was that,
- To drown poor little Pussy cat,
- Who never did him any harm,
- But killed the mice in his father’s barn.
28.
«Doctor Foster went to Gloucester…»
- Doctor Foster went to Gloucester
- In a shower of rain,
- He stepped in a puddle,
- Right up to his middle,
- And never went there again.
29.
Four-and-twenty Tailors
- Four-and-twenty tailors went to kill a snail;
- The best man among them durst not touch her tail.
- She put out her horns like a little Kyloe cow.
- Run, tailors, run, or she’ll kill you all e’en now.
30.
«Georgie Porgie, pudding and pie…»
- Georgie Porgie, pudding and pie,
- Kissed the girls and made them cry;
- When the boys came out to play,
- Georgie Porgie ran away.
31.
Girls and Boys
- Girls and boys come out to play,
- The moon it shines as bright as day;
- Leave your supper, and leave your sleep,
- And come to your playmates in the street;
- Come with a whoop, come with a call,
- Come with a good will, or come not at all;
- Up the ladder and down the wall,
- A halfpenny loaf will serve us all.
32.
«Great A, little b…»
- Great A, little b,
- The cat’s in the cupboard
- And she can’t C.
33.
«Grey goose and gander…»
- Grey goose and gander,
- Waft your wings together,
- And carry the good king’s daughter
- Over the one strand river.
34.
«Hey diddle diddle…»
- Hey diddle diddle,
- The cat and the fiddle,
- The cow jumped over the moon.
- The little dog laughed
- To see such sport,
- And the dish ran away with the spoon.
35.
«How many days has my baby to play…»
- How many days has my baby to play?
- Saturday, Sunday, Monday,
- Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday,
- Saturday, Sunday, Monday.
- Hop away, skip away,
- My baby wants to play,
- My baby wants to play every day.
36.
«Higher than a house, higher than a tree…»
- Higher than a house, higher than a tree.
- Oh! whatever can that be?
37.
How Many Miles to Babylon?
- “How many miles to Babylon?”