Читать онлайн IT’S ME или IT IS I? Английские местоимения для начинающих бесплатно
© Арцун Акопян, 2020
ISBN 978-5-4496-9474-4
Создано в интеллектуальной издательской системе Ridero
Предисловие
В учебном пособии «Местоимения в английском языке с переводом в примерах» содержатся все местоимения, используемые в разговорном английском. Учебный материал состоит из примеров местоимений в предложениях, иллюстраций и упражнений, к которым при необходимости даются краткие пояснения.
Типы местоимений, включенные в книгу: личные местоимения в именительном падеже, личные местоимения в объектном падеже, указательные, притяжательные, возвратные, неопределенные, взаимные, вопросительные и относительные местоимения.
Данная книга предназначена для учащихся начального и среднего уровня владения английским языком.
Все изображения используются в данной книге на условиях лицензии Pixabay License.
Что такое местоимение?
Местоимения – слова, используемые вместо существительных.
Например, I, you, he, she, himself, herself, this, that, who, whose, someone и т. д.
Список местоимений и притяжательных прилагательных, использованных в книге
Личные местоимения в именительном падеже: I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they.
Личные местоимения в объектном падеже: me, you, him, her, it, us, you, them.
Указательные местоимения: this, that, these, those.
Притяжательные прилагательные: my, your, his, her, its, our, their.
Притяжательные местоимения: mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs.
Возвратные местоимения: myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves, oneself.
Неопределенные местоимения: one, ones, no one, nobody, none, nothing, some, any, somebody, anybody, someone, anyone, something, anything, everybody, everyone, everything, both, each, all, either, neither, another, other, others, many, few, little, much, plenty, several, less, more, most.
Взаимные местоимения: each other, one another.
Вопросительные местоимения: who, whom, whose, which, what, whoever, whichever, whatever.
Относительные местоимения: that, who, whom, whose, which, whoever, whatever, whichever.
I, you, he/she/it, we, you, they
Слова I, you, he, she, it, we, you и they – личные местоимения в именительном падеже.
1. I am
Запомните слова:
I – я
man – мужчина
woman – женщина
am – есть, нахожусь (от be)
a (an) – любой, один какой-то (неопределенный артикль, не переводится)
Переведите примеры:
I am a man.
I am a woman.
2. You are
Запомните слова:
you – вы (слова «ты» нет)
boy – мальчик
girl – девочка
child – ребенок
are – есть, находитесь (от be)
not – не
too – тоже
Переведите примеры:
You are a boy.
You are not a man.
You are a child.
You are a girl.
You are not a woman.
You are a child, too.
3. He / she is
Запомните слова:
he – он
she – она
old – старый
old man – пожилой мужчина
old woman – пожилая женщина
is – есть, находится (от be)
Переведите примеры:
He is an old man.
He is not a boy.
He is not a child.
She is an old woman.
She is not a girl.
She is not a child.
4. It is
Запомните слова:
it – это, он, она, оно (неодушевленные предметы)
milk – молоко
bottle – бутылка
milk bottle – бутылка молока
cat – кот, кошка
baby – малыш
Переведите примеры:
It is milk.
It is a bottle.
It is a milk bottle.
It is a cat.
It is a baby.
5. We are
Запомните слова:
we – мы
young – молодой
men – мужчины
young men – молодые мужчины
women – женщины
young women – молодые женщины
Переведите примеры:
We are men.
We are young men.
We are not old men.
We are women.
We are young women.
We are not old women.
6. You are
Запомните слова:
you – вы
boys – мальчики
girls – девочки
children – дети
and – и
Переведите примеры:
You are boys.
You are girls.
You are boys and girls.
You are children.
You are not men and women.
7. They are
Запомните слова:
they – они
people – люди
Переведите примеры:
They are people.
They are young and old.
They are young and old people.
They are men, women and children.
Повторение: разделы 1—7
Заполните пробелы в предложениях.
1. I ____ a man.
2. She ____ a woman.
3. She ____ an old woman.
4. I ____ a woman.
5. It ____ milk.
6. They ______ people.
7. You ______ children.
8. He ____ an old man.
9. ______ are a boy.
10. ____ is a bottle.
11. You ______ girls.
12. It ____ a baby.
13. They ______ young and old.
14. He ____ not a boy.
15. ______ are not a man.
16. You ______ a child.
17. You ______ not men and women.
18. We ______ young women.
19. It ____ a milk bottle.
20. ______ are a girl.
21. She ____ not a girl.
22. We ______ young men.
23. You ______ boys.
24. It ____ a cat.
25. You ______ not a woman.
26. He ____ not a child.
27. You ______ boys and girls.
28. We ______ not old men.
29. She ____ not a child.
30. They ______ young and old people.
31. We ______ not old women.
32. They ______ men, women and children.
*
Ответы.
1. I am a man.
2. She is a woman.
3. She is an old woman.
4. I am a woman.
5. It is milk.
6. They are people.
7. You are children.
8. He is an old man.
9. You are a boy.
10. It is a bottle.
11. You are girls.
12. It is a baby.
13. They are young and old.
14. He is not a boy.
15. You are not a man.
16. You are a child.
17. You are not men and women.
18. We are young women.
19. It is a milk bottle.
20. You are a girl.
21. She is not a girl.
22. We are young men.
23. You are boys.
24. It is a cat.
25. You are not a woman.
26. He is not a child.
27. You are boys and girls.
28. We are not old men.
29. She is not a child.
30. They are young and old people.
31. We are not old women.
32. They are men, women and children.
Me, you, him, her, it, us, you, them
Слова me, you, him, her, it, us, you и them – личные местоимения в объектном падеже.
8. Me
it’s = it is
Запомните слова:
me – мне, меня
look – смотреть
at – на, в
look at – смотреть на
can – мочь
mirror – зеркало
recognize – узнавать
in – в
mask – маска
Переведите примеры:
It’s me. (разговорный английский, современный стиль)
It is I. (официальный английский, устаревший стиль)
(It’s me. = It is I.)
Look at me!
Can you see me?
Can you see me in the mirror?
Can you recognize me?
Can you recognize me in the mask?
9. You
Запомните слова:
cannot – не могу, не можем
hear – слышать
but – но
yes – да
Переведите примеры:
Is it you, Jack?
I can see you.
I can hear you.
I cannot recognize you.
I can see and hear you, but I cannot recognize you.
Yes, it is you!
10. Him
Запомните слова:
him – его, ему
king – король
beat – бить, побеждать
compete – соперничать
with – с
compete with – соперничать с
disobey – не подчиняться
argue – спорить
argue with – спорить с
Переведите примеры:
Is it Batman?
Yes, it is him! (разговорный английский)
Is it King Arthur?
Yes, it is he. (официальный английский)
(it is him = it is he)
It is Batman.
Can you compete with him?
Yes. I can beat him.
It is King Arthur.
Can you disobey him?
Yes, I can argue with him.
11. Her
Запомните слова:
her – ее, ей
who – кто
bride – невеста
queen – королева
no – нет
left – левый
right – правый
on – на
on the left – слева
on the right – справа
do – делать
does – делает
look – смотреть
like – нравиться; как
look like – выглядеть как
admire – восхищаться
ask – спрашивать
Переведите примеры:
Who is the bride? Is it Maria?
Yes, it’s her. (разговорный английский)
Is it Queen Elizabeth?
Yes, it is she. (официальный английский)
No, it is not she!
(it is her = it is she)
The woman on the left is a bride.
Do you like her?
I admire her.
The woman on the right is not Queen Elizabeth.
She does not look like her.
Ask her who she is!
12. It
Запомните слова:
it – это, он, она, оно
monkey – обезьяна
cute – забавный
hold – держать
holding – держащий
play – играть
flute – флейта
Переведите примеры:
It is a cute monkey.
Do you like it?
I like it!
The monkey is holding a flute.
Can the monkey play it?
Can it play it?
The monkey cannot play the flute.
The monkey cannot play it.
It cannot play it.
13. Us
Запомните слова:
us – нам, нас
friend – друг
friends – друзья
your – ваш (и)
know – знать
very – очень
well – хорошо
Переведите примеры:
It’s us, your friends! (разговорный английский)
It is we, the King and the Queen. (официальный английский)
(it’s us = it is we)
Look at us!
Can you recognize us?
You know us very well.
14. Them
Запомните слова:
them – им, их
horse – лошадь
win – побеждать
winner – победитель
behold – увидеть, узреть
knight – рыцарь
support – поддерживать
fan – фанат
of – (предлог, указывает на принадлежность)
Переведите примеры:
Look at the horse and the boy.
It’s them who are the winners! (разговорный английский)
Behold the knights!
It is they who are the winners! (официальный английский)
(it’s them = it is they)
I know them.
Do you support them?
I am a fan of them.
Повторение: разделы 8—14
Выберите подходящий вариант в скобках.
1. It’s (me, I). (разговорный английский)
2. It is (me, I) (официальный английский)
3. Look at (me, I)!
4. Can you see (me, I) in the mirror?
5. Can you recognize (me, I) in the mask?
6. I can see and hear (you, me, I), but I cannot recognize you.
7. It is (he, him)! (разговорный английский)
8. Can you disobey (he, him)?
9. Yes, I can argue with (he, him).
10. It is (she, her). (официальный английский)
11. Do you like (she, her)?
12. I admire (she, her).
13. She does not look like (she, her).
14. Ask (she, her) who she is!
15. It is a cute monkey. Do you like (him, her, it)?
16. It’s (we, us), your friends! (разговорный английский)
17. Look at (we, us)!
18. Can you recognize (we, us)?
19. It is (they, them) who are the winners! (официальный английский)
20. I know (they, them).
21. Do you support (they, them)?
22. I am a fan of (they, them).
Ответы.
1. It’s me.
2. It is I.
3. Look at me!
4. Can you see me in the mirror?
5. Can you recognize me in the mask?
6. I can see and hear you, but I cannot recognize you.
7. It is him!
8. Can you disobey him?
9. Yes, I can argue with him.
10. It is she.
11. Do you like her?
12. I admire her.
13. She does not look like her.
14. Ask her who she is!
15. It is a cute monkey. Do you like it?
16. It’s us, your friends!
17. Look at us!
18. Can you recognize us?
19. It is they who are the winners!
20. I know them.
21. Do you support them?
22. I am a fan of them.
This, that, these, those
Слова this, that, these и those – указательные местоимения. Они также могут использоваться как указательные прилагательные.
15. This/that woman
Запомните слова:
this – это, этот
that – то, тот
the – этот, тот (определенный артикль, обычно не переводится)
here – здесь
there – там
another – другой
Переведите примеры:
This is a woman.
The woman is here.
She is here.
This woman is here.
That is another woman.
The woman is there.
She is there.
That woman is there.
16. This/that dog
Запомните слово:
dog – собака
Переведите примеры:
This is a dog.
The dog is here.
It is here.
This dog is here.
That is another dog.
The dog is there.
It is there.
That dog is there.
17. This/that ball
Запомните слово:
ball – мяч
Переведите примеры:
This is a ball.
The ball is here.
It is here.
This ball is here.
That is another ball.
The ball is there.
It is there.
That ball is there.
18. These/those people
Запомните слова:
these – эти
those – те
two – два
nearby – поблизости
run – бегать
running – бегущий
other – другой, другие
far – далекий
away – прочь, далеко
far away – далеко
walk – ходить пешком
walking – идущий пешком
Переведите примеры:
These are people.
Two people are nearby.
They are running.
These people are running.
Those are two other people.
They are far away.
They are walking.
Those people are walking.
19. These/those horses
Запомните слова:
horses – лошади
stand – стоять
standing – стоящий
Переведите примеры:
These are horses.
The horses are nearby.
They are running.
These horses are running.
Those are other horses.
The horses are far away.
They are standing.
Those horses are standing.
20. These/those books
Запомните слова:
book – книга
books – книги
on – на
table – стол
on the table – на столе
shelf – полка
shelves – полки
on the shelves – на полках
Переведите примеры:
These are books.
The books are here.
They are on the table.
These books are on the table.
Those are other books.
The books are there.
They are on the shelves.
Those books are on the shelves.
Повторение: разделы 15—20
Используйте this, that, these или those, чтобы заполнить пробелы в предложениях.
1. __________ ball is here.
2. __________ people are running. They are nearby.
3. __________ people are walking. They are far away.
4. __________ dog is there.
5. __________ horses are running. They are nearby.
6. __________ woman is here.
7. __________ ball is there.
8. __________ horses are standing. They are far away.
9. __________ dog is here.
10. __________ books are on the table. They are here.
11. __________ books are on the shelves. They are there.
12. __________ woman is there.
Ответы.
1. This ball is here.
2. These people are running. They are nearby.
3. Those people are walking. They are far away.
4. That dog is there.
5. These horses are running. They are nearby.
6. This woman is here.
7. That ball is there.
8. Those horses are standing. They are far away.
9. This dog is here.
10. These books are on the table. They are here.
11. Those books are on the shelves. They are there.
12. That woman is there.
My/mine, your/yours, his, her/hers, its, our/ours, their/theirs
Слова my, your, his, her, its, our и their – притяжательные прилагательные.
Слова mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours и theirs – притяжательные местоимения.
21. My/mine
Запомните слова:
my – мой, моя, мое, мои (не используется обособленно)
mine – мой, моя, мое, мои (используется обособленно)
face – лицо
human – человеческий
mirror – зеркало
big – большой
bigger – больше
Переведите примеры:
It is my face. It is mine.
(Слово mine используется вместо my face.)
This face is mine.
Is it my face? Is it mine?
No, it is not my face.
This face is not mine. (= This face is not my face).
It is a monkey’s face. My face is human.
It is a monkey’s face. Mine is human.
This is my mirror. It is mine.
No, this is not my mirror. Mine is bigger.
Неверно:
It is my.
This is mine face.
22. Your/yours
Запомните слова:
your – ваш (не используется обособленно)
yours – ваш (используется обособленно)
glass – стекло, стакан
juice – сок